Exenatide (Byetta)

Description

Exenatide (Byetta)

Exenatide is a synthetic form of exendin-4, a compound originally found in the venom of the Gila monster. It has 53% structural similarity to human GLP-1 and is resistant to breakdown by the enzyme DPP-4. By activating GLP-1 receptors, it helps regulate blood glucose levels and suppresses appetite.
As the first GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for clinical use, exenatide has been widely used since 2005. Clinical trials have demonstrated average weight reductions of 2–4% and A1C improvements ranging from 0.5% to 1%. The once-weekly formulation, marketed as Bydureon, offers more stable drug levels over time compared to daily dosing.

Also known as: Byetta, Bydureon, Exendin-4

• Status: Approved by the FDA. Evidence level: FDA-approved indication.
• Standard dosage: 5–10 mcg administered twice daily or 2 mg once weekly, depending on formulation (immediate-release twice daily or extended-release once weekly), delivered via subcutaneous injection.
• Investigated uses: Management of diabetes, support for weight loss, and regulation of blood glucose levels.